Hair loss cause is one
of the following conditions for the majority of children 26 months or older.
Your child's pediatrician or a pediatric dermatologist should be able to
determine these conditions and require the appropriate treatment.
Tinea capitis: Tinea capitis,
is a fungal infection often seen in children commonly known as ringworm of the
scalp. It can show up in a number of ways, but often as scaly patches of hair
loss on the head. The patches are usually round or oval. The hairs may be
broken off at the surface of the skin and look like black dots on the scalp.
If your child's doctor
considers tinea capitis, a microscopic examination can approve the diagnosis.
Your child should also use an antifungal shampoo and free alcohol, free
sulphate, free slicon and free dye.
Because ringworm is
contagious, your child should be careful not to share to other people any
objects that touch the head such as hats, pillow cases, hair clippers, or
brushes.
Alopecia areata: Alopecia areata is a
non-contagious condition of hair loss thought to be caused by the body's immune
system attacking the hair follicles. It is characterized by the sudden
appearance of round or oval patches of hair loss. The patches are slick or
smooth, without scaling or broken hairs. About 25% of children also have
pitting and ridging of the nails.
Treatment can control
the disease in some children while there is no cure for alopecia areata. Many
have their hair back within a year, although regrowth is unpredictable and many
will lose hair again. For about 5% of children the disease progresses to
alopecia totalis which is loss of all of the hair on the scalp. Some of these
will develop alopecia universalis which is a total loss of body hair.
Treatment consists
primarily of strong corticosteroid ointments or creams applied to the bald
areas, for younger children. Teenagers, who may be sufficiently motivated to
have their hair return, may tolerate steroid injections into the scalp. Hairgrowth may come back in 8-12 weeks.
Trichotillomania: Trichotillomania
is hair loss which is caused by the child pulling, plucking, twisting, or
rubbing hair by herself or himself. The hair loss is patchy and characterized
by broken hairs of varying length. Patches are typically seen on the side of
the child's dominant hand.
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